Comparing a selected continuous versus interval aerobic exercise program on progranulin and BMI of overweight/fat female students

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran

2 Department of Physical Education, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran

3 Department of Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of two different aerobic exercise programs on the Body Mass Index (BMI) and progranulin (PGRN) levels of overweight or obese female students.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 36 overweight or obese female students from Kashan University of Medical Sciences and Islamic Azad University volunteered to participate. They were randomly divided into three groups: two groups underwent progressively increasing interval or continuous aerobic exercise programs, while the third group served as a control. The exercise programs lasted for 8 consecutive weeks, with blood samples collected before and after the intervention. Progranulin levels were measured using the ELISA technique with Human PGRN, and BMI was assessed at the beginning and end of the program.
Results: The results of a one-way ANOVA test showed a significant decrease in progranulin levels (P=0.00) and BMI in both exercise groups compared to the control group (P=0.029).
Conclusion: Both interval and continuous aerobic exercise programs were effective in reducing circulating progranulin levels and BMI in overweight or obese female college students. The exercise interventions led to a significant decrease in both variables. Further research is warranted to explore the effects of different aerobic exercise protocols on BMI and progranulin levels in normal adults.

Highlights

Majid Etemadhosseini [Pubmed] [Google Scholar]
 

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. Osundolire S. The prevalence of overweight and its association with heart disease in the U.S population. Cogent Med. 2021; 8: 1923614.2. doi:10.1080/2331205X.2021.1923614
  2. Bonaccio M, Di Castelnuovo A, Pounis G, De Curtis A, Costanzo S, Persichillo M, et al. A score of low-grade inflammation and risk of mortality: prospective findings from the Moli-sani study. Haematologica. 2016;101(11):1434-41. doi:10.3324/haematol.2016.144055 PMid:27742767 PMCid:PMC5394885
  3. Quartey P, Owusu B, Agbenyikey G, Appiah Rhodeline L, Nutakor M, Yeboah Abrokwah K. Effects of low-fat whole milk on postprandial glycemia after consumption of two common Ghanaian local meals among healthy young adults. Novel Clin Med. 2023; 2(3): 149-154. doi: 10.22034/ncm.2023.410935.1110
  4. Lang Y, Chu F, Shen D, Zhang W, Zheng C, Zhu J, et al. Role of Inflammasomes in Neuroimmune and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review. Mediators Inflammat. 2018; 2018:1549549. doi:10.1155/2018/1549549 PMid:29849483 PMCid:PMC5932495
  5. Ding Y, Wei J, Hettinghouse A, Li G, Li X, Einhorn TA, et al. Progranulin promotes bone fracture healing via TNFR pathways in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2021; 1490(1):77-89. doi:10.1111/nyas.14568 PMid:33543485 PMCid:PMC8138780
  6. Townley RA, Boeve BF, Benarroch EE. Progranulin: Functions and neurologic correlations. Neurology. 2018;90(3):118-125. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000004840 PMid:29263224 PMCid:PMC5772162
  7. Tolkatchev D, Malik S, Vinogradova A, Wang P, Chen Z, Xu P, et al. Structure dissection of human Progranulin identifies well-folded granulin/epithelin modules with unique functional activities. Protein Sci. 2008;17(4):711-24.15. doi:10.1110/ps.073295308PMid:18359860 PMCid:PMC2271164
  8. Raygan F, Sayyah M, Janesar Qamsari SMR, Nikoueinejad H, Sehat M. Effects of Submaximal Aerobic Exercise on Regulatory T Cell Markers of Male Patients Suffering from Ischemic Heart Disease. Iranian J Allergy, Asthma Immunol. 2017;16(1):14-2020.
  9. Mohammadkhani PG, Irandoust K, Taheri M, Mirmoezzi M, Baić M. Effects of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and taking caraway supplement on C-reactive protein and sleep quality in obese women. Biol Rhythm Res. 2021;52(2):218-26. doi:10.4103/iahs.iahs_40_18
  10. Irandoust K, Taheri M. The effect of aquatic exercises on inflammatory markers of cardiovascular disease in obese women. Int Arch Health Sci. 2018;5(4):145-9.
  11. Poirier P, Giles TD, Bray GA, Hong Y, Stern JS, Pi-Sunyer FX, et al. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: pathophysiology, evaluation, and effect of weight loss: an update of the 1997 American Heart Association Scientific Statement on Obesity and Heart Disease from the Obesity Committee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism. Circulation. 2006; 113(6):898-918. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.171016 PMid:16380542
  12. Zalesin KC, Franklin BA, Miller WM, Peterson ED, McCullough PA. Impact of obesity on cardiovascular disease. Med Clin N Am. 2011;95(5): 919-37. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2011.06.005 PMid:21855700
  13. Pandey A, Berry JD, Lavie CJ. Cardiometabolic Disease Leading to Heart Failure: Better Fat and Fit Than Lean and Lazy. Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2015;12(5):302-8. doi:10.1007/s11897-015-0265-5 PMid:26298463
  14. Pilcher JJ, Erikson DN, Yochum CA. Fighting the Freshman Fifteen: Sleep, Exercise, and BMI in College Students. Am J Health Promot. 2021;35(4):580-3.35.15 doi:10.1177/0890117120969065 PMid:33111531
  15. Sharif M, Sayyah M. Assessing Physical and Demographic Conditions of Freshman "15" Male Medical Students. International journal of Sport Studies for Health. 2018;In Press.
  16. Karimi M, Moazzami M, Rezaeian N. Effects of Eight weeks of core stability training on serum level of progranulin and tumor necrosis factor alpha in women with multiple sclerosis. Med Lab J. 2021;15:8-12. doi:10.29252/mlj.15.1.8
  17. Zheng G, Qiu P, Xia R, Lin H, Ye B, Tao J, et al. Effect of Aerobic Exercise on inflammatory markers in healthy middle-aged and older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Aging Neurosci. 2019;11:98. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2019.00098 PMid:31080412 PMCid:PMC6497785
  18. Walsh EI, Smith L, Northey J, Rattray B, Cherbuin N. Towards an understanding of the physical activity-BDNF-cognition triumvirate: A review of associations and dosage. Ageing Res Rev. 2020;60:101044. doi:10.1016/j.arr.2020.101044 PMid:32171785
  19. Moravveji A, Sayyah M, Shamsnia E, Vakili Z. Comparing the prolonged effect of interval versus continuous aerobic exercise on blood inflammatory marker of Visfatin level and body mass index of sedentary overweigh/fat female college students. AIMS Public Health. 2019;6(4): 568-76. doi:10.3934/publichealth.2019.4.568 PMid:31909076 PMCid:PMC6940584
  20. Szyguła R, Wierzbicka M, Sondel G. Influence of 8-Week Aerobic Training on the Skin Microcirculation in Patients with Ischaemic Heart Disease. J Aging Res. 2020;2020:4602067 doi:10.1155/2020/4602067 PMid:32399295 PMCid:PMC7199599
  21. Salehi A, Ehtram H, Sayyah M, Beheshti S, editors. Effects of two months of physical activity on the copper level of overweight sedentary young male and female measured at nano scale level. 2013.
  22. Ndumele CE, Matsushita K, Lazo M, Bello N, Blumenthal RS, Gerstenblith G, et al. Obesity and subtypes of incident cardiovascular disease. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016;5(8). doi:10.1161/JAHA.116.003921 PMid:27468925 PMCid:PMC5015307
  23. Altmann C, Vasic V, Hardt S, Heidler J, Häussler A, Wittig I, et al. Progranulin promotes peripheral nerve regeneration and reinnervation: role of notch signaling. Mol Neurodegener. 2016; 11(1):69. doi:10.1186/s13024-016-0132-1 PMid:27770818 PMCid:PMC5075406
  24. Safarzade AR, Alizadeh H, Bastani Z. The effects of circuit resistance training on plasma progranulin level, insulin resistance and body composition in obese men. Hormone Mol Biol Clin Investigat. 2020;41. doi:10.1515/hmbci-2019-0050 PMid:32146440
  25. Youn BS, Bang SI, Klöting N, Park JW, Lee N, Oh JE, et al. Serum progranulin concentrations may be associated with macrophage infiltration into omental adipose tissue.
  26. Hötting K, Röder B. Beneficial effects of physical exercise on neuroplasticity and cognition. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2013;37(9 Pt B):2243-57. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.04.005 PMid:23623982
  27. Lu Y, Hajifathalian K, Ezzati M, Woodward M, Rimm EB, Danaei G. Metabolic mediators of the effects of body-mass index, overweight, and obesity on coronary heart disease and stroke: a pooled analysis of 97 prospective cohorts with 1·8 million participants. Lancet. 2014;383(9921): 970-83.
    doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61836-X PMid:24269108
  28. McGee DL. Body mass index and mortality: a meta-analysis based on person-level data from twenty-six observational studies. Ann Epidemiol. 2005;15(2):87-97. doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2004.05.012 PMid:15652713
  29. Tang W, Lu Y, Tian QY, Zhang Y, Guo FJ, Liu GY, et al. The growth factor progranulin binds to TNF receptors and is therapeutic against inflammatory arthritis in mice. Science. 2011; 332(6028):478-84. doi:10.1126/science.1199214 PMid:21393509 PMCid:PMC3104397
  30. Gao X, Joselin AP, Wang L, Kar A, Ray P, Bateman A, et al. Progranulin promotes neurite outgrowth and neuronal differentiation by regulating GSK-3β. Protein Cell. 2010; 1 (6): 552-62. doi:10.1007/s13238-010-0067-1 PMid:21204008 PMCid:PMC4875315
International Archives of Health Sciences
Volume 11, Issue 2
April 2024
Pages 100-106

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 06 August 2023
  • Revise Date: 27 November 2023
  • Accept Date: 03 December 2023

Share

How to cite

Statistics